Iran’s geographical location on active seismic belts constantly exposes the country to numerous natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods, and fires. This study investigates the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in disaster management and response to natural calamities, focusing specifically on the metropolis of Tehran. Given the dense urban fabric, narrow passages, and vulnerability of urban infrastructure, utilizing modern information technologies for preventative planning and timely relief operations remains vital. The findings indicate that GIS, through its spatial data analysis capabilities, plays a crucial role in locating medical centers, determining optimal evacuation routes, organizing emergency response forces, and ultimately mitigating casualties and financial losses.